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Comelec: 3 million overseas voters eyed in 2025 polls
With internet voting, the Commission on Elections is looking to have up to three million Filipinos abroad participate in the May 2025 midterm elections......»»
Cha-cha plebiscite and midterm polls in one event: A test of Comelec s independence
BOTH LEGISLATIVE chambers are now leading charter change discussions. Legislators have repeatedly said that amendments will be limited to economic measures in the 1987 Constitution.Meanwhile, the conduct of the plebiscite had Commission on Elections (Comelec) Chair George Garcia describe the logistical preparations required for it. He argued that it should be held as a separate event from the 2025 midterm electi.....»»
Security Council warns of foreign interference in 2025 polls
There may be foreign interference in next year’s midterm elections and the Department of Information and Communications Technology should prepare to counter cyberattacks, the National Security Councilwarned yesterday......»»
Rio to Comelec: Let’s recount votes in only this town
Comelec vowed last November to recount May 2022 election votes in selected precincts nationwide. That’s to verify results that infotech experts questioned......»»
SC denies petition vs Comelec on digital signatures
The Supreme Court has denied a petition filed against the Commission on Elections asking the High Court to compel the poll body to implement the use of digital signatures in the 2022 general elections......»»
Comelec probing Smartmatic’s alleged meeting with a candidate’s team in 2022
The Commission on Elections is currently investigating allegations that the president of Smartmatic met with allies of a presidential candidate during the campaign season of the 2022 national elections — a breach of electoral rules......»»
Comelec disputes early transmission claim in 2022 election
The Commission on Elections has debunked new allegations over its early transmission of election returns in the May 2022 national and local elections......»»
Comelec must come clean
More than ever, Commission on Elections officials need to come clean about the alleged fraudulent transmission of the May 2022 election results. Particularly so after the poll body’s chief again admitted last week that most of the election results were electronically transmitted using just one private internet protocol or IP address. After Chairman George Garcia’s admission before senators, opposition Senator Aquilino Pimentel III blurted out, “I’m in shock to find out that our entire election system (in 2022) was one large private network.” Similarly, Senator Imee Marcos, confronting Garcia, said, “So you are telling us that it’s true that the transmission of the results came from a single IP address? So that is true?” Like Ms. Marcos and Mr. Pimentel, most of us, too, need to inform ourselves about the brewing electoral integrity controversy, which has been floating around the Internet for some time. What Ms. Marcos and Pimentel were referring to had been alleged by former Information and Communications Technology Secretary Eliseo Rio. Garcia’s admission, in effect, confirmed Rio’s allegation that more than 20 million votes received from various vote-counting machines or VCMs in the 2022 polls had the same private IP address, 192.168.0.2. An IP address is a string of numbers assigned solely to each device so it can connect to the Internet. Significantly, the information about a single mysterious IP address used by VCM modems in 20,300 precincts in the (National Capital Region), and Cavite, Laguna, and Rizal provinces only came to light a year after the polls. The mystery IP address surfaced when Rio and his group of digital forensic experts cross-checked what seemed to be “raw files” — which a Comelec insider uploaded on the Comelec website — against the “reception logs” provided by the Comelec. Immediately after the 2022 polls, Rio strongly expressed alarm about the extraordinarily speedy transmission of electoral results and urged the Comelec to release the “reception logs.” With the discovery of a single IP address used to transmit an over 20-million vote count, Rio and his group became ever more alarmed about the electoral exercise’s integrity. Comelec, however, insisted no law mandates different IP addresses for transmission. Comelec also said all the modems were brand new, purchased after thousands of modems were found defective. The poll body said the primary telecommunications company involved in transmitting results recommended that modems be 4G-capable instead of the 3G used in previous elections. This, even if it meant using only one IP address. Bolstering the Comelec’s contention, two private electoral watchdogs said there was nothing illegal and surprising about the use of a single personal IP address since it was common practice. Rio and his group, however, remain undeterred in their allegation that there was a single “fabricated source” for the electoral results, and they were unconvinced by the watchdogs’ explanation. So, the debate on IP address 192.168.0.2 continues, particularly on the technical issue of a “man-in-the-middle” hack attack. Technically, “a man-in-the-middle attack is a security breach where a hacker inserts himself between two parties and potentially alters the communication between the two.” Still, wherever these highly technical debates lead to, Rio and the electoral watchdogs are sure of one thing — Comelec must do more. Rio and his group are challenging Comelec to resolve all remaining doubts about the election by disclosing the actual transmission logs from the VCMs. They rightly point out that transmission logs are not the same as “reception logs,” which the Comelec made public last March. Like Rio and his group, the National Citizens Movement for Free Elections said that what Comelec claimed to be “transmission logs” were actually “reception logs.” Resolving the ongoing controversy, therefore, will only happen when the Comelec comes clean with accurate transmission logs. The post Comelec must come clean appeared first on Daily Tribune......»»
Comelec says goodbye to old VCMs
The Commission on Elections will no longer use the 98,000 vote counting machines or VCM in the 2025 polls regardless of whether there is no budget to procure new ones, its chairperson George Garcia told lawmakers on Monday. Even in the absence of funds, Garcia confidently bared to the members of the House Committee on Appropriations, which is looking into their budget, that the poll body could no longer utilize the VCMs that had been deployed during past elections. According to the Comelec chief, the 98,000 VCMs are deemed “unusable” and unable to be refurbished due to the unavailability of necessary spare parts, as well as the inability to procure components from suppliers. “We already declared the 98,000 machines unusable. It’s up to us if we get a budget or not, but we can no longer use the 98,000 machines,” he said. Garcia made the remark after Antipolo Rep. Romeo Acop voiced concern about why the Comelec is still using end-life and end-of-manufacturing equipment “that is so old and can be tampered with online or otherwise.” In 2021, Garcia said the poll body had requested a P23 billion budget to procure new sets of VCMs for the 2022 elections but to no avail. Instead, the Comelec was only given a P12 billion. According to Garcia, the Comelec has been using the 98,000 VCMs in the past three elections. “That’s not really going to work well. It’s like a refrigerator. No matter what you kick in there when it doesn’t get cold, it won’t get cold anymore,” Garcia said, “And so the Comelec resorted to refurbishment,” he said. “Because you know technology, Mr. Chair, you are right, it changes. Our cell phone is only six months old, and [these VCMs] we have been using it for several elections. The Comelec even bought it,” he added. Previously, Garcia expressed concerns about the potential ineffectiveness of the VCMs, especially since the poll body considered full automation and new technology for the next national elections. He also noted that the machines have already exceeded the lifespan of five years. Back in March, Comelec said it was planning to integrate the biometrics technology into the new election system it will be using for the 2025 polls. He said, however, that funding is the primary consideration in determining the type of technology they will utilize. The Comelec sought a P43.7-billion budget for 2024, but the Department of Budget and Management trimmed it to P27.34 billion under the National Expenditure Program. The post Comelec says goodbye to old VCMs appeared first on Daily Tribune......»»
Comelec: 98,000 VCMs now ‘unusable’, new machines needed for 2025 polls
The Commission on Elections will no longer use the 98,000 vote counting machines or VCM in the 2025 polls regardless of whether there is no budget to procure new ones, its chairperson George Garcia told lawmakers on Monday. Even in the absence of funds, Garcia told members of the House committee on appropriations, which is looking into the Comelec's budget, that the poll body could no longer utilize the VCMs that had been deployed during past elections. According to the Comelec chief, the 98,000 VCMs are deemed "unusable" and unable to be refurbished due to the unavailability of necessary spare parts, as well as the inability to procure components from suppliers. "We already declared the 98,000 machines unusable. It's up to us if we get a budget or not, but we can no longer use the 98,000 machines," he said. Garcia made the remark after Antipolo Rep. Romeo Acop voiced concern about why the Comelec is still using end-life and end-of-manufacturing equipment "that is so old and can be tampered with online or otherwise." In 2021, Garcia said the poll body had requested a P23 billion budget to procure new sets of VCMs for the 2022 elections but to no avail. Instead, the Comelec was only given P12 billion. According to Garcia, the Comelec has been using the 98,000 VCMs in the past three elections. "That's not really going to work well. It's like a refrigerator. No matter what you kick in there, when it doesn't get cold, it won't get cold anymore," Garcia said. "And so the Comelec resorted to refurbishment," he said. "Because you know technology, Mr. Chair, you are right, it changes. Our cell phone is only six months old, and [these VCMs] we have been using it for several elections. The Comelec even bought it," he added. Garcia said the machines have already exceeded the lifespan of five years. Back in March, the Comelec announced it was planning to integrate biometrics technology into the new election system it will be using for the 2025 polls. However, Garcia said funding remains the primary consideration in determining the type of technology the agency will be able to utilize. The Comelec sought a P43.7-billion budget for 2024, but the Department of Budget and Management trimmed it to P27.34 billion under the National Expenditure Program. The post Comelec: 98,000 VCMs now ‘unusable’, new machines needed for 2025 polls appeared first on Daily Tribune......»»
Infotech experts refute Comelec chief’s claims
More and more info-technologists are questioning Comelec and Smartmatic’s use of a secret private IP address in the 2022 election count......»»
Rio debunks Comelec chief’s claim that private IP address was legal
Chairman George Garcia admits that Comelec used 20,300 modems with only one private IP address for the 2022 election count......»»
Teves,12 others tagged terrorists
The Anti-Terrorism Council or ATC has designated Negros Oriental Rep. Arnolfo “Arnie” Teves Jr. as a terrorist for allegedly masterminding the assassination of Gov. Roel Degamo last 4 March, which also resulted in the deaths of nine others. The ATC named the congressman, who had gone into hiding, as the leader of the Teves Terrorist Group, which allegedly included as members his younger brother, Pryde Henry Teves, and purported bagman Marvin Miranda. Pryde was unseated by the Commission on Elections after a recount of the votes cast in the 2022 Negros Oriental gubernatorial election showed that Degamo had won. Degamo was killed in a commando-style attack at his residential compound in Pamplona town. The slain governor’s wife, Janice, is the mayor of Pamplona. The assault happened just weeks after the Supreme Court upheld the Comelec’s proclamation of Degamo as governor. Also tagged as terrorists were Nigel Electona, Tomasino Aledro, Rogelio Antipolo, Hannah Mae Oray, Rommel Pattaguan, Winrich Isturis, John Louie Gonyon, Dahniel Lora, Eulogio Gonyon Jr. and Jomarie Catubay. In a three-page resolution dated 26 July and signed by Executive Secretary Lucas Bersamin that was released yesterday, the ATC said Pryde and Electona “provided material support” to Teves in furtherance of his alleged terrorist activities. “Investigation also revealed that Hannah Mae Sumero Oray handled the operational funds for the killings while Marvin H. Miranda acted as organizer and recruiter of personnel for specific terrorist attacks,” the ATC said. In April, Justice Secretary Jesus Crispin Remulla revealed the government’s intention to designate Teves as a terrorist, saying that his group’s alleged “activities that led to the killings are all covered by the Anti-Terror Law, [including] the recruitment, financing, purchase of firearms, and their distribution.” In hiding Teves has refused to come home after being located last in Timor-Leste, claiming his life was in danger. There was talk he was already in the Philippines under the protection of a former high government official. The House of Representatives had twice suspended Teves for refusing to heed Speaker Martin Romualdez’s plea to come home to face the charges against him. The Philippine National Police had filed a separate complaint against Teves before the Department of Justice last March over the alleged political killing of three other persons in Negros Oriental in 2019. A Degamo lawyer said the Teveses could be linked to as many as 60 killings in Negros Oriental. In reaction, Pryde said in a radio interview that his lawyers would appeal the ATC resolution. He expressed dismay that his right to travel and earn a livelihood would be affected by the order. Saying he would not leave Negros Oriental despite the tagging, the younger Teves said he would be the last to resort to terrorism because he had been a victim of violence. Meanwhile, Ferdinand Topacio, a lawyer of Congressman Teves, lambasted the ATC whose order, he said, demonstrated the government’s prejudgment of the case and “desperation” to take his client into custody. “Since day one of the Degamo killing, the government has mobilized all the resources at its disposal, starting with immediately tagging Teves as the mastermind thereof without investigation, conducting illegal searches on his properties, laying siege to his powers and prerogatives as a member of the House, embarking on a massive media campaign to discredit him and prejudice the minds of the public against him, among other things, all in an obsessive attempt to blame him for a crime at the expense of his constitutional rights,” Topacio said. Topacio questioned why the government had to use the ATC against Teves, in a case for which the Anti-Terrorism Law of 2020 was not “designed.” “The agencies of government, having eggs on their faces due to the recantation of all the key witnesses, the lack of evidence against Representative Teves, the public backlash against his obvious persecution, and the embarrassing failure of the authorities to bully him into returning to the country in spite of grave and serious threats to his life has expectedly weaponized the Anti-Terror Act by using it for the purpose for which it was not designed,” he said. When it was first floated that Teves would be tagged as a terrorist, he posted a video of himself wearing Muslim garb and laughing. The post Teves,12 others tagged terrorists appeared first on Daily Tribune......»»
Romualdez swears in Tulfo as House member
Former Social Welfare Secretary Erwin Tulfo formally took his oath before Speaker Martin Romualdez on Monday as the newest member of the House of Representatives. Tulfo replaced Jeffrey Soriano of the ACT-CIS Partylist, who resigned as its third nominee on 22 February without disclosing the reason for his departure. Tulfo was sworn in at the plenary hall during Monday’s session, accompanied by other ACT-CIS Representatives, Jocelyn Tulfo and Edvic Yap. The erstwhile DSWD chief made it to the House after the Commission on Election’s Second Division on 30 May elevated to the En Banc the disqualification case against him. The Comelec, on 20 July, issued a certificate of proclamation to Tulfo, who was named ACT-CIS’ third nominee. He was initially the fourth nominee on the list submitted to the poll body. The ACT-CIS Partylist mustered 2.1 million votes in the May 2022 polls and won three seats in Congress. Before assuming his post as a lawmaker, he first served as DSWD chief after President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. appointed him in May 2022. The powerful Commission on Appointments bypassed him twice over citizenship issues, and a libel conviction, the latter a crime that, his critics say, should have barred anyone from holding public office, whether elective or appointive. Tulfo was replaced by Rex Gatchalian, the erstwhile lawmaker of Valenzuela, at the DSWD. The newly minted lawmaker, a brother of Senator Raffy Tulfo, thanked members of the House. He pledged to Romualdez his “full support” for the current House leadership, “particularly, for its dedication to advancing important legislation.” “The current leadership in Congress is essential for the progress and well-being of our nation,” he said. The post Romualdez swears in Tulfo as House member appeared first on Daily Tribune......»»
Erwin Tulfo takes oath as newest House member
Former Social Welfare Secretary Erwin Tulfo formally took his oath before Speaker Martin Romualdez on Monday as the newest member of the House of Representatives. Tulfo replaced Jeffrey Soriano of the ACT-CIS Partylist, who resigned as its third nominee on 22 February without disclosing the reason for his departure. Tulfo was sworn in at the plenary hall during Monday's session, accompanied by the other ACT-CIS Representatives, Jocelyn Tulfo and Edvic Yap. The erstwhile DSWD chief made it to the House after the Commission on Election Second Division on 30 May elevated to the en banc the disqualification case against him. The Comelec, on 20 July, issued a certificate of proclamation to Tulfo, who was named ACT-CIS’ third nominee. He was initially the fourth nominee in the list submitted to the poll body. The ACT-CIS Partylist mustered 2.1 million votes in the May 2022 polls and won three seats in Congress. Before assuming his post as a lawmaker, Tulfo first served as DSWD chief after President Ferdinand Marcos Jr appointed him in May 2022. The powerful Commission on Appointments bypassed him twice over citizenship issues and his libel conviction. He was replaced by Rex Gatchalian, the erstwhile lawmaker of Valenzuela, before being appointed to lead the DSWD. Tulfo thanked the members of the House and Romualdez and vowed that he would send his "full support” to the current leadership, “particularly for their dedication to advancing important legislation.” "The current leadership in Congress are essential for the progress and well-being of our nation," he said. The post Erwin Tulfo takes oath as newest House member appeared first on Daily Tribune......»»
Comelec debunks ‘rigged’ 2022 polls claim
Commission on Elections chairperson George Garcia branded as lies the claims that the 2022 election was rigged. He said the allegations made by former Information and Communications Technology Undersecretary Eliseo Rio Jr. that the voting was rigged had no basis. “In all of this, the strong basis for the accuracy, integrity, and legitimacy of the elections is the ballot. Let us set aside the printed copies and electronically transmitted election returns. We can go back to the ballots which are in the custody of the city and municipal treasurers nationwide and the secured scanned images which are at the Comelec,” Garcia said. He added that the random manual audit of votes counted by the machines against the Comelec’s random manual audit posted a 99.9493-percent overall accuracy rate, meaning that nearly all of the votes were read and tallied correctly. Rio, in particular, had raised concerns about the transmission of results from “private and similar IP addresses” in Metro Manila, Cavite, and Batangas following last year’s polls. “There’s no requirement in the law stating that all modems should have different or similar IP addresses,” Garcia said. The poll chief explained that there were around 20,300 modems with the same IP address last year. The 4G network modems, he said, were purchased for the Comelec-leased vote counting machines as well as to cover the 5,000 damaged modems from VCMs purchased in 2016 that were refurbished for last year’s polls. All the modems, he said, underwent the necessary tests but noted that it would have taken the Comelec many more months if it opted to change all the IP addresses of the 20,300 modems. “There’s no effect or difference in accuracy, legitimacy, and functionality of transmission, whether the modems have similar or different IP addresses,” Garcia said. He also refuted allegations of a “man-in-the-middle” in the transmission of national and local election results and said that if this was the case, there should have been inconsistencies in the results. He said there was no intermediary or man-in-the-middle in the transmission of NLE 2022 results because the results from the polling precincts were accurate and tallied with the results transmitted to the Comelec servers. The post Comelec debunks ‘rigged’ 2022 polls claim appeared first on Daily Tribune......»»
Poll chief Garcia debunks ‘rigged’ 2022 polls claim
Commission on Elections chairman George Erwin Garcia debunked the claims made questioning the results of the 2022 elections are all lies. Garcia said allegations made by former Department of Information and Communications Technology Usec. Eliseo Rio Jr. about the rigging of votes has no basis. “In all of these, the strong basis is the accuracy, integrity, and legitimacy of the elections is the ballot. Let us set aside the printed copies and electronically-transmitted Election Returns, we can go back to the ballots which were in the custody of the city and municipal treasurers office nationwide and the secured scanned images which are at the Comelec,” said Garcia. He also pointed out that the random manual audit of votes counted by the machines against the Comelec’s random manual audit posted a 99.9493% overall accuracy rate, meaning nearly all of the votes were read and tallied correctly. Rio in particular raised concerns about the transmission of results from a "private and similar IP address" in areas of Metro Manila, Cavite, and Batangas in last year's polls. "There's no requirement in the law stating that all modems should be different or similar IP addresses," Garcia said. The poll chief explained that there were around 20,300 modems which have the same IP address last year. These 4G network modems, he said, were purchased for the Comelec-leased vote counting machines as well as to cover the 5,000 damaged modems from VCMs purchased in 2016 and were later refurbished for last year's polls. Garcia assured that all these modems underwent necessary tests but noted that it would take the Comelec more months if it opted to change all IP addresses of the 20,300 modems. "There's no effect or difference in accuracy, legitimacy, and functionality of transmission, whether the modems have similar or different IP addresses," Garcia said. Garcia also refuted allegations of a "man-in-the-middle" in the transmission of NLE results and said if this was the case, there should have been inconsistencies in the result. He said the is no intermediary or man-in-the-middle in the transmission of NLE 2022 results because the results from the polling precincts are accurate with the results transmitted to Comelec servers. The post Poll chief Garcia debunks ‘rigged’ 2022 polls claim appeared first on Daily Tribune......»»
Comelec denies rigging 2022 elections
The Commission on Elections yesterday disputed the allegations of former information and technology secretary Eliseo Rio that the results of the May 2022 presidential elections were rigged and illegally came from just one private IP address......»»
COMELEC: P2B unliquidated 2022 expenses down to P717M
The Commission on Elections on Monday reiterated that the unliquidated cash advances of more than P2 billion the Commission on Audit had flagged were down to P717 million as of 12 July 2023. At the weekly Laging Handa press briefing Comelec spokesman Atty. Rex Laudiangco said the liquidation of cash advances is continuing process done by the election officials who incurred the expenses during the last national and local elections in 2022. In its 2022 annual report, COA noted that the poll body’s cash advances granted to accountable officers jumped from P380 million to P2.089 billion in a span of a year. Laudiangco, however, said most of the accountable officers have already submitted liquidation reports showing that the funds were used for command conferences, teachers' trainings as election officers, accommodations and honoraria of electoral boards. "At kung hindi man po maili-liquidate ay naku, mapipilitan pong magsampa ang Comelec ng mga kinauukulang kaso sa mga tao po na tumanggap ng mga cash advances na iyan. In both instances, maibalik, mai-liquidate, masampahan ng kaso, sisiguraduhin po ng Comelec na accounted for po ang lahat ng iyan ( If they cannot liquidate those advances, Comelec has to slap them with administrative cases. The funds will be liquidated, and if not, cases will be filed against those who failed to do so. Comelec will ensure that these funds are all accounted for in the end)," Laudiangco said. He added that a total of P1.34 billion had been liquidated so far and the remaining over P700 million balance is still being documented based on expenditures incurred during the 2022 polls. 'Ito naman po ay recorded sa Comelec, at natukoy na po namin ang lahat ng tao na responsable dito. May direkta na pong demand letter na ipinadala sa kanila. At iyong demand letter po ay may kaakibat na aksyon iyan: Kailangan ma-liquidate nila, lahat po iyan ay mai-submit ang dokumento, otherwise, kasunod po iyong dalawang bagay -- una, pagwi-withhold ng kanilang salaries at benefits; ikalawa, kapag hindi pa rin po umubra iyon, iyong pagsasampa po ng kaso patungkol sa unliquidated cash advances (These are all recorded by the Comelec and we already know the people who still have to submit their liquidation reports. Demand letters were already sent to them, and the results may be two-fold -- first, we may withhold their salaries and benefits, and second, a case will be filed against them over their unliquidated cash advances," said Laudiangco. The post COMELEC: P2B unliquidated 2022 expenses down to P717M appeared first on Daily Tribune......»»
Why Marcos joined Partido Federal
Partido Federal ng Pilipinas secretary general, retired General Thompson Lantion, said because of the effective core principles that the party promotes and embodies, President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. embraced it as his official party when he joined it and won the presidential race in the May 2022 elections. Lantion, during his recent interview on Daily Tribune’s digital show “Straight Talk,” said the reason Marcos joined the party was that he believed in its core principles. “Our number one principle is the belief in God, number 2 is humanism, which is human dignity for every individual. Number three is participatory federalism or to defend the core principles of Federalism, and then enlightened socialism with a focus on job generation and uplifting the lives of the Filipino people. And then the last one is direct democracy as we call it. This is the power of the people. The principle most loved by the President is the power to the people and democracy,” he said. Lantion, who served on the staff of the late former President Ferdinand E. Marcos Sr., said the young Marcos Jr. took his oath as a party member on 5 October 2018, the same day it was accredited by the Comelec. “I was in his campaign from Batanes to Tawi-Tawi. It was very difficult back then. We were sure he would win because of the acceptance of the people, just like our first sortie in Batangas. The highways were filled with people who wanted to see him, maybe because of the charm and the vision of the old Marcos Sr. remains in Bongbong. Marcos Sr. was really for the country’s development and progress, which stuck in Filipinos’ minds. And the junior can do better,” he said. True gentleman He said he never heard the young Marcos Jr. curse or make derogatory comments about his opponents during the 2022 campaign. “What Bongbong said is that even “if our family has been scrutinized and hit for more than 30 years now, those will eventually retire. Let’s stand down.” He is like his father, who just said “lintik naman” (damn it) even though he was already very mad. The old Marcos was soft-hearted but very strict,” Lantion said. He said he is currently revitalizing the party and declined the offer of the President of a post in his Cabinet. “I’m strengthening the party and that was the reason I gave the President. I had to forgo the assignment that was offered by the President. Right now, almost 21 governors of the Philippines have joined the Partido Federal, and maybe in the next months, another three or more governors will join. A total of 31 have taken their oath in Malacañang,” he said. Four years after its accreditation, the PFP has become the ruling party and leader of the administrative coalition after it nominated party chairman Marcos Jr. as its presidential candidate. Marcos eventually emerged as the winner by a landslide of 31 million votes versus his staunch opponent, former Vice President Leni Robredo. On its website, the PFP said the party is the “common man’s party” that represents workers, students, farmers, and fisherfolk. It was established to help rebuild the nation decisively by creating a society that is free of illegal drugs, corruption, crime, insurgency, and poverty. The party’s strength comes from a total of 1.5 million members, growing nationwide, from which the following organizations were formed, apart from solid youth groups collaborating on the party’s platform and 350 candidates in the 2019 elections. The post Why Marcos joined Partido Federal appeared first on Daily Tribune......»»